EFFECTS OF n-HEXANE AND METHANOL BULB EXTRACTS OF CRINUM ZEYLANICUM (LINN.) ON BLOOD CONSTITUENTS OF RABBIT MEDIATED THROUGH OSTEOTOMY

Abstract

Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) bulb has been widely used as herbal medicine for various ailments and treatment that include fractured bone-healing without discernible negative effects. This study was aimed at assessing the oral acute toxicity of C. zeylanicum bulb extracts in mice and blood pictures of rabbits through close tibia osteotomy. The extracts were administered through oral intra-gastric catheter of single doses: 10, 100, 1000 and 1600, 2900, 5000 mg/kg body weight (bwt), first and second phases respectively. Blood parameters were determined at an experimental period of 12 weeks. No visible sign of toxicity was observed in n-hexane extract (n-HE), while methanol extract (ME) showed toxicity effects from 1000 mg/kg bwt with mortality at phase II. Generally, effects of the extracts on the rabbits, were within normal haematological ranges. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in ME-treated group and negative control of White Blood Cell (WBC), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Neutrophil (N) and Lymphocyte (L) counts in relation to treatment-related abnormalities. Changes observed in n-HE treated and control groups, showed no significant differences (p˃0.05); however, MCV, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) and L were significantly different (p<0.05). Oral administration of ME treated at higher dosages (1600, 2900 and 5000 mg/kg/) bwt, resulted in intolerable toxicity in mice. Therefore, prolong topical application in rabbits may relatively have negative effect on blood parameters. Hence, the use of C. zeylanicum should be monitored, modified, and/or regulated for medicinal use, and further investigation could result in harnessing it for orthodox medication.